Fundamentals of Surveying (FS) Practice Exam

What is the definition of a circular arc used in highway design?

1. A segment of a triangle

2. A segment of a circle

3. A straight line segment

4. A polygon edge

The correct answer is: A segment of a circle

In highway design, a circular arc is specifically defined as a segment of a circle. This concept is crucial because it relates to the curvature of the roadway, which impacts vehicle dynamics, safety, and the overall flow of traffic. The use of circular arcs in road design allows engineers to create smooth transitions for vehicles, enabling them to navigate turns safely without abrupt changes in direction. A segment of a triangle, while it represents a geometric shape, does not pertain to the curvature required in highway design. Similarly, a straight line segment refers to a linear path without any curvature, which is not applicable for the design of curved roadways. A polygon edge suggests a multi-sided figure, which would also not provide the rounded characteristics needed to define the behavior of vehicles on circular curves. Therefore, the definition of a circular arc as a segment of a circle is essential in engineering practices related to safe and effective roadway design.