Fundamentals of Surveying (FS) Practice Exam

What geographical feature does the prime meridian represent?

1. Longitude reference

2. Latitude reference

3. Equatorial line

4. Parallels of latitude

The correct answer is: Longitude reference

The prime meridian represents the longitude reference for the Earth. It is defined as 0 degrees longitude and serves as the starting point for measuring degrees of longitude both east and west. This line runs from the North Pole to the South Pole and passes through Greenwich, England. This concept is crucial in geographic coordinate systems, as it allows for the establishment of a grid system on the Earth's surface, which is essential for mapping and navigation. In contrast, the other options refer to different concepts in geography. Latitude references are represented by lines of latitude, which run parallel to the equator and measure north and south. The equatorial line itself is specifically the line of 0 degrees latitude, serving as a crucial marker but unrelated to the measurement of longitude. Lastly, parallels of latitude are the lines drawn parallel to the equator, indicating the north-south position on the globe. Therefore, identifying the prime meridian as a longitude reference is fundamental in understanding global geography and navigation.