Fundamentals of Surveying (FS) Practice Exam

What does a Lambert conformal conic projection utilize to create its mapping?

1. Parallel lines of longitude

2. Multiple cones

3. One cone that slices the earth at two parallels

4. A plane surface

The correct answer is: One cone that slices the earth at two parallels

A Lambert conformal conic projection uses a single cone that slices the Earth at two parallels to create its mapping. This projection is specifically designed to maintain angular relationships, making it conformal, which is particularly advantageous for aeronautical charts and other uses where accurate angles are important. In this projection, two lines of latitude, known as standard parallels, are where the cone touches the Earth's surface, resulting in minimal distortion in areas close to these parallels. Between these parallels, the projection offers a fairly accurate representation of shapes and areas. The design is particularly effective for mapping regions that are elongated in an east-west direction, as it allows for a balance between distortion of shape and area. In contrast, other options such as using parallel lines of longitude or utilizing a plane surface would not adequately capture the curvature of the Earth and the relationships necessary for fiducial accuracy in mapping. Multiple cones, while potentially useful in some contexts, are not a characteristic feature of the Lambert conformal conic projection itself.